Term
|
Descriptor
|
Reference Organization
|
0D*
*Retiring Term Replaced with 3D (ISO descriptor)
|
A nanomaterial with three dimensions on the nanoscale. This includes nanospheres,
nanocubes, quantum dots, etc.
|
|
1D*
*Retiring Term Replaced with 2D (ISO descriptor)
|
A nanomaterial with two dimensions on the nanoscale. This includes nanotubes,
nanowires, etc.
|
|
1D
|
(ISO descriptor) A material which has only one dimension in the nanoscale (between
1 nm and 100 nm). This includes nanofilms, nanoplates, etc.
|
ISO
|
2D*
*Retiring Term Replaced with 1D (ISO descriptor)
|
A nanomaterial with one dimension on the nanoscale. This includes nanofilms, nanoplates,
etc.
|
|
2D
|
(ISO descriptor) A material which has two dimensions in the nanoscale (between 1
nm and 100 nm). This includes nanotubes, nanowires, etc.
|
ISO
|
3D
|
(ISO descriptor) A material which has three dimensions in the nanoscale (between
1 nm and 100 nm). This includes nanospheres, nanocubes, quantum dots, etc.
|
ISO
|
agglomerate
|
Collection of weakly or loosely bound particles or aggregates or mixtures of the
two in which the resulting external specific surface area is similar to the sum
of the specific surface areas of the individual components
|
ISO
|
aggregate
|
Strongly bonded or fused particles where the resulting external specific surface
area might be significantly smaller than the sum of calculated specific surface
areas of individual components
|
ISO
|
aggregation/
agglomeration state
|
The extent to which a group of particles, affected by attractive forces, forms groups
or clusters (A physico-chemical characteristic in the Registry minimal information
about nanomaterials)
|
|
as processed
|
The instance of characterization that describes when a characterization has been
performed on a nanomaterial after changing its physical state in some way (e.g.,
dispersion in a media or sonication)
|
|
as received
|
The instance of characterization that describes when a characterization has been
performed on the nanomaterial in its native state after the scientist receives it
from another lab or a manufacturer
|
|
as synthesized
|
The instance of characterization that describes when a characterization has been
performed on the nanomaterial in its native state after synthesizing it
|
|
aspect ratio
|
Ratio of longest to shortest external particle dimension
|
ISO
|
buckyball
|
A nanoparticle characterized by a spherical geometry and hollow interior that is
comprised of 60 carbon atoms
|
NCI Thesaurus
|
carbon nanotube
|
Nanotube formed of carbon
|
ISO
|
coating*
*Retiring Term Replaced with outermost shell
|
The outermost shell of a material
|
|
composition
|
Chemical information and crystal structure of the nanomaterial (A physico-chemical
characteristic in the Registry minimal information about nanomaterials)
|
|
core
|
The innermost element(s) or compound(s) in a nanomaterial
|
|
DWCNT
|
[double-walled carbon nanotube] A multi-walled carbon nanotube composed of only
two nested, concentric single-wall carbon nanotubes
|
ISO
|
engineered nanomaterial
|
Nanomaterial designed for a specific purpose or function
|
ISO
|
fate & transport
|
Chemical change (fate) and physical location change (transport) of a material after
insertion into an environment
|
U.S. EPA
|
fullerene
|
Molecule composed solely of an even number of carbon atoms, which form a closed
cage-like fused-ring polycyclic system with 12 five-membered rings and the rest
six-membered rings
|
ISO
|
graphene
|
single layer of carbon atoms with each atom bound to three neighbors in a honeycomb
structure
|
ISO
|
graphically represented
|
The term used to describe when information is presented in an image from which numerical
values are not readily extractable
|
|
graphite
|
allotropic form of the element carbon, consisting of graphene layers stacked parallel
to each other in a three dimensional, crystalline, long-range order
|
ISO
|
impurity
|
Unintended constituent present in a manufactured nano-object. It could originate
from the starting materials or be the result of secondary or incomplete reactions
during the production process. While the impurity is present in the final material,
it is generally not considered to be intentionally added.
|
ISO
|
incidental nanomaterial
|
Nanomaterial generated as an unintentional by-product of a process
|
ISO
|
instance of characterization
|
General term describing the designations of "as received", "as synthesized",
and "as processed" used to capture the conditions under which a nanomaterial
exists when it undergoes physico-chemical characterization or is used in a study
|
|
manufactured nanomaterial
|
Nanomaterial intentionally produced for commercial purposes to have specific properties
or specific composition
|
ISO
|
matrix
|
The components of the sample other than the analyte (e.g. nanomaterial)
|
IUPAC
|
mean aerodynamic diameter
|
The average particle diameter as calculated by particle behavior in air or viscous
fluid
|
|
mean crystallite size
|
The average physical magnitude of an individual perfect crystal or region of regular
crystalline structure in the substance of a material
|
|
mean diameter
|
The term used for an average particle diameter when the measurement method is unspecified
|
|
mean hydrodynamic diameter
|
The average particle diameter calculated by particle diffusion within a fluid
|
|
mean primary particle size
|
The average particle diameter of the primary particle, when the measurement method
is unspecified
|
|
medium
|
A chemical or solution that enables the analysis of a nanomaterial of interest
|
|
MIAN
|
[minimal information about nanomaterials] A list of the specific data and metadata
fields which are either known or highly suspected as impacting critically the interactions
of nanomaterials with biological or environmental systems
|
|
molecular identity
|
A description of a material's chemical makeup using a unique identifier such as
chemical name, SMILES formula, CAS #, or PubChem CID
|
|
MWCNT
|
[multi-walled carbon nanotubes] Carbon nanotube composed of nested, concentric or
near-concentric graphene sheets with interlayer distances similar to those of graphite
|
ISO
|
nanofiber
|
Nano-object with two similar external dimensions in the nanoscale and the third
dimension significantly larger
|
ISO
|
nanomaterial
|
Material with any external dimension in the nanoscale or having internal structure
or surface structure in the nanoscale
|
ISO
|
nanomaterial state
|
The physical state of material at its time of measurement
|
ISO
|
nano-object
|
Material with one, two or three external dimensions in the nanoscale
|
ISO
|
nanoparticle
|
Nano-object with all three external dimensions at the nanoscale
|
ISO
|
nanoplate
|
Nano-object with one external dimension in the nanoscale and the two other external
dimensions significantly larger
|
ISO
|
nanorod
|
A solid nanofiber
|
ISO
|
nanoscale
|
Size range from approximately 1 nm to 100 nm
|
ISO
|
nanostructured material
|
Material having internal nanostructure or surface nanostructure
|
ISO
|
nanotechnology
|
Application of scientific knowledge to manipulate and control matter in the nanoscale
to make use of size- and structure-dependent properties and phenomena distinct from
those associated with individual atoms or molecules or with bulk materials
|
ISO
|
nanotube
|
A hollow nanofiber
|
ISO
|
NF
|
Nanofiber
|
|
NP
|
Nanoparticle
|
|
NPl
|
Nanoplate
|
|
outermost shell
|
In a nanomaterial's composition, the constituents making up its surface layer
|
|
PCC
|
Physico-chemical characteristic(s)
|
|
PDI
|
(MW) The distribution of molecular mass in a given polymer sample - the weight average
molecular weight divided by the number average molecular weight
|
|
PDI
|
(Size) A parameter calculated from a Cumulants analysis of the DLS-measured intensity
autocorrelation function
|
|
pharmacodynamics
|
(Registry descriptor) The relationship between drug/particle concentration at the
site of action and the resulting effect, including the time course and intensity
of therapeutic and adverse effects
|
|
pharmacodynamics
|
(Merck descriptor) The study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs
and their mechanisms of action
|
The Merck Manual
|
physico-chemical characteristics
|
Physical and chemical characteristics reported in the MIAN
|
|
porosity
|
A measure of void spaces in a material
|
|
primary particle
|
The nonaggregated , source particle of a sample
|
|
proportion of coating
|
The relative amount of a particular substance that composes the coating of a nanomaterial
|
|
proportion of core
|
The relative amount of a particular substance that composes the core of a nanomaterial
|
|
proportion of nanomaterial
|
The relative amount of a particular substance that composes the overall nanomaterial
sample, not including its matrix
|
|
proportion of shell
|
The relative amount of a particular substance that composes a shell of a nanomaterial
|
|
protocols and parameters
|
The procedural methods and settings used in an experiment
|
|
purity
|
(Registry descriptor)Amount of the intended substance within a manufactured material
- Also includes identity and amount of any contaminants (A physico-chemical characteristic
in the Registry minimal information about nanomaterials)
|
|
purity
|
(ISO descriptor) Amount of the intended substance within a manufactured material
|
ISO
|
QD
|
Quantum dot
|
|
quantum dot
|
Crystalline nanoparticle that exhibits size-dependent properties due to quantum
confinement effects on the electronic states
|
ISO
|
raw data
|
The data collected from an instrument which have not been subjected to processing
or any other manipulation
|
|
shape
|
A geometric description of the extremities of a nanomaterial (eg, 1D, 2D, 3D) along
with the rigidity of its spatial arrangement, as represented in its external surface
(A physico-chemical characteristic in the Registry minimal information about nanomaterials)
|
|
shell continuity
|
The degree of holes or defects in a shell
|
|
size
|
(Registry descriptor) The physical dimensions of a particle. For spherical particles,
it is their diameter. For irregularly shaped particles it is the diameter of the
equivalent sphere which has the same volume as a particle. Also includes physical
state of the sample. (A physico-chemical characteristic in the Registry minimal
information about nanomaterials)
|
The Nanomaterial Registry's scope for the size PCC is broader than the ISO description
|
size
|
(ISO descriptor) The physical dimensions of a particle determined by specified measurement
conditions
|
ISO
|
size distribution
|
(Registry descriptor) A list of values or a mathematical function that defines the
relative amounts of particles present, sorted according to size - modality, peak
magnitude, minimum and maximum are included (A physico-chemical characteristic in
the Registry minimal information about nanomaterials)
|
The Nanomaterial Registry's scope for information is necessarily more specific that
the ISO description
|
size distribution
|
(ISO descriptor) Refers to a group of particles of differing sizes. When a group
of particles are of differing sizes, they might be described by particle size distribution
|
ISO
|
SMILES
|
[simplified molecular input line entry specification] A line notation for describing
the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings
|
|
solubility
|
(Registry descriptor) The degree to which a material can be dissolved in another
material so that a single, homogeneous, temporally stable phase results. Expressed
as the categorization of a material as hydrophilic or lipophilic as well as P value
and D value (A physico-chemical characteristic in the Registry minimal information
about nanomaterials)
|
The Nanomaterial Registry's scope for information is necessarily more specific that
the ISO description
|
solubility
|
(ISO descriptor) The degree to which a material (the solute) can be dissolved in
another material (the solvent) so that a single, homogeneous, temporally stable
phase (a suspension down to the molecular level) results
|
ISO
|
stability
|
The measure of a system is in its lowest energy state or chemical equilibrium with
its environment (A physico-chemical characteristic in the Registry minimal information
about nanomaterials)
|
|
surface area
|
(Registry descriptor) The quantity of accessible surface of a nanomaterial. Surface
area is conventionally expressed as a mass specific surface area or as volume specific
surface area where the total areal quantity has been normalized either to the sample's
mass or to a volume. (A physico-chemical characteristic in the Registry minimal
information about nanomaterials)
|
The Nanomaterial Registry's scope includes nanostructured materials as well as
nano-objects
|
surface area
|
(ISO descriptor) The quantity of accessible surface of a powdered sample when exposed
to either gaseous or liquid adsorbate phase. Surface area is conventionally expressed
as a mass specific surface area or as volume specific surface area where the total
areal quantity has been normalized either to the sample's mass or to a volume.
|
ISO
|
surface charge
|
Electric charge on a surface in contact with a continuous phase (A physico-chemical
characteristic in the Registry minimal information about nanomaterials)
|
ISO
|
surface chemistry
|
(Registry descriptor) Chemical nature, including composition, of the outermost layer
of a nanomaterial (A physico-chemical characteristic in the Registry minimal information
about nanomaterials)
|
The Nanomaterial Registry's scope includes nanostructured materials as well as
nano-objects
|
surface chemistry
|
(ISO descriptor) Chemical nature, including composition, of the outermost layers
of the nano-object
|
ISO
|
surface coverage level
|
The amount of a material's surface occupied by a particular substance
|
|
surface reactivity
|
(Registry descriptor) Includes chemical affinities and speeds of reaction (A physico-chemical
characteristic in the Registry minimal information about nanomaterials)
|
The Nanomaterial Registry recognizes that there are no standard methods for analyzing surface
reactivity and therefore allows the reporting of surface reactivity in many ways
at this time.
|
surface reactivity
|
(ISO descriptor) Measurement of reactivity of a material to the species to which
it is reactive (such as reactive to water) and typically involves measuring products
or by-products of that reaction
|
ISO
|
SWCNT
|
[single-walled carbon nanotube] Carbon nanotube consisting of a single cylindrical
graphene layer
|
ISO
|
toxicity
|
Deleterious or adverse biological effects elicited by a chemical, physical, or biological
agent
|
U.S. EPA
|
transformation
|
The processes or mechanisms which contribute to the degradation (chemical and biological)
of a nanomaterial in an environment
|
|